This section provides a detailed overview of the policies, programs, and regulatory frameworks shaping the deployment and equity of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) across local, state, and federal levels.
| Framework | What It Does | Local/State Implications |
|---|---|---|
| Rule 21 California | Sets statewide interconnection standards for DERs. Sets technical standards to connect DERs safely. | Applies to SCE/LADWP; key bottleneck area. |
| FERC 2222 Federal | Opens wholesale markets to DER aggregations. | CAISO working through compliance. |
| Net Metering (NEM) California | Allows DERs to export to grid, get credited. | NEM 3.0 reduces compensation. |
| AB 327 DRP California | Requires utilities to plan for DER integration. | More transparent data, targeting equity. |
| EPIC-LA, Permitting Local | Streamlines online permitting in LA County. | Model for other local jurisdictions. |
| IRA/Justice40 Federal- but sunsetting | Provides federal incentives and equity focus for DERs. | Funds local pilots, prioritizes equity. |
| Policy Area | Authority | Local Details/Barriers |
|---|---|---|
| Permitting & Inspection | LA County, Cities | Online permitting (EPIC-LA), variable timelines. |
| Zoning, Siting | LA County, Cities | Dictates allowable uses, can limit DER siting. |
| Utility Interconnection | LADWP, SCE | Rule 21 applies, but each utility has own process. |
| Hosting Capacity/Planning | Utilities, CPUC | AB 327 DRPs, grid maps guide efficient siting. |
| Equity Programs | LADWP, CBOs | Community solar pilots, DEEP-HARBOR, LA100 Equity. |
| Incentives & Rates | Utilities, City | Net metering, TOU rates, local utility incentives. |
Bottom Line: The "Big Beautiful Bill" sharply restricts clean energy tax incentives and support for wind and solar. It will slow clean energy investment, increase costs, and shift the U.S. energy transition further toward fossil fuels.